2015年湖北成人学位英语完型填空解题辅导：词汇的复现关系

湖北2015年成人学位英语完型填空解题辅导：词汇的复现关系

词汇的复现关系指的是某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。词汇的复现关系又可分为原词复现、同义词或近义词复现、上下义词复现和概括词复现四类。例如：

1.They go to sleep in all kinds of places. Red squirrels disappear inside trees, bears use caves, frogs go deep under the mud, and many other animals dig holes in the earth. （概括和同义复现）

2. At that moment, however, he felt strangely unwilling to do so. Instead of moving backward as planned, he took a step forward, and then another! （反义复现）

例1：It can be said that foreign ____ that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also (creates) problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the inpidual.………professor and his students (lack) background in each others’ culture.

A. situation B. background

C. circumstances D. condition

【答案】B。四个选项都表示“情况”的概念，而一个外籍
老
师的“情况”又该用什么词来表达，通过文章后半部的阅读考生就不难发现background一词，便可判断此处答案为B。

例2：As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. ……… Moving the pilot (aside), the man took his seat and listened carefully to the (urgent) instructions that were being sent by radio from the airport (below). The plane was now dangerously close (to) the ground, but to everyone‘s (relief), it soon began to climb. The man had to __84___ the airport several times in order to become (familiar) with the controls of the plane. ……… Following __88___, the man guided the plane toward the airfield.

84. A. surround B. circle C. observe D. view

88. A. impressions B. information

C. inspections D. instructions

【答案】B/D。从上文中的circled可以推断84“在机场上盘旋”应该是B。从上文中 listened to the instructions可以判断88为D。这样，84为上文中circle的复现；
follow instructions 为listen to instructions的复现。

例3：Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students.………… It is the ______responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library.

A. student’s B. professor’s C. assistant’s D. librarian’s

【答案】A。从前面的responsibilities for learning lie with the students可以判断查找材料也应该是"学生"的责任，所以答案为A。

例4：Forcing yourself to recall (almost) never helps because it doesn't ____ your memory; it only tightens it.

A. loosen B. weaken C. decrease D. reduce

【答案】A。前后两部分互为解释，一为肯定，一为否定，为反义复现。从下文的tighten可以判断，上文应该是选loosen。

例5：There are four types of blood. _______ types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race.

A. All B. Most C. No D. Some

【答案】A。并列连词and说明前后语意一致，那么，前后应该是反义复现，与no 反义的自然是A(all) 。

例5：Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the students. If a long reading assignment is given, the instructors expect students to be familiar with the (information) in the reading …………When research is ______, the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with (minimum) guidance.

A. collected B. assigned

C. distributed D. finished

【答案】B。该部分作者通过两个例子说明，应该有学生负责自己的学习，都是从"布置作业"方面解释。说明布置阅读作业时要求学生如何；
布置研究作业时又该要求学生如何。两个例子概念复现，借助于give reading assignment的表达方式，可以确定答案应该是B，构成assign research的结构。

例6：(Although) these wide modern roads are generally (smooth) and well maintained, with (little) sharp curves and many straight (sections) ………… others are uneven road _______ through the country.

A. driving B. curving C. crossing D. traveling

【答案】B。上文中提高高速公路上的弯道时用的是curve，空格处复现“弯道”的概念，用的应该是与curve有关的动词，即curving。

例7：Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a _______ result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of (man) other objectives.

A. single B. sole C. specialized D. specific

【答案】D。冒号后自然是对上文的解释，从解释的内容来看，三者统一于一个概念之下：specific为具体，所以答案为D。

例8：Consider the everyday English ______ "Goodbye".

A. expression B. statement C. proverb D.conversation

【答案】A。Goodbye为所填之词的同位语，goodbye 为下义词，其上义词应该是A，expression。

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