2016年湖北学位英语考试复习资料:定语从句六
湖北2016年学位英语考试复习资料:定语从句六
关系代词与关系副词的区别
方法一:
用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;
而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
例如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
(注:stay不及物动词,stay in the village,where=in which,表地点)
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.
(注:work不及物动词,when=during which,表时间)
判断对错:
(错)This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(对)This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
注:visit是及物动词,visit the village,应该用关系代词which
(错)I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对)I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
注:spend是及物动词,spend the days,应该用关系代词which
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二:
准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例1变为肯定句:This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句:This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。
而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose);
先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词(where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。
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