湖北2015年高考英语复习题型专攻：冠词
湖北高考网整理了2015年湖北高考英语复习题型专攻，希望对大家有帮助。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(冠词)
1.In the ricegrowing world, ________ Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is ________ leading figure.
答案：the; a 解析：考查冠词。句意：在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位领军人物。单数名词scientist后面有特定人名作同位语，因此表示特指，第一空应用定冠词the;单数名词figure前加不定冠词，表示泛指，第二空应填不定冠词。
2.All of life is ________ act of letting go, but what hurts the most is not taking ________ moment to say goodbye.
答案：an; a 解析：考查冠词。句意：人生就是要放手，然而最令人痛心的是，我们来不及说一声再见。第一空，act后有定语修饰，表示“放手的行为”，此时act为可数名词且发音以元音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词an;第二空，take a moment to do sth.表示“花点时间做某事”。
3.The result was out of his expectation. Harry looked at the medal in ________surprise without saying________ word.
答案：/; a 解析：考查冠词。句意：这个结果出乎哈里的意料。他惊讶地看着奖牌，什么话也没说。第一空，固定短语in surprise表示“惊讶地”;第二空，单数可数名词word前加a表示“一句话”。
4.We would often go for ________ drive with some friends at that time，purely for ________ fun.
答案：a; / 解析：考查冠词。笫一空，go for a drive表示“开车去兜风”，为固定搭配;第二空，for fun“为了好玩”，为固定搭配。
5.—Have you heard that Li Yapeng and Faye Wong porced?
—Yes, ________ news came as ________ shock to me.
答案：the; a 解析：考查冠词。第一空，特指上面提到的王菲和李亚鹏离婚的这件事，故用定冠词the;第二空，此处是抽象名词具体化，表示“一件令人震惊的事情”，用不定冠词a。
6.Jack thought that he had ________ gift for telling directions, so he didn't take ________ compass with him on his weekend hike.
答案：a; a 解析：考查冠词。句意：杰克认为他有辨别方向的天赋，所以在周末的徒步旅行中，他没有带指南针。have a gift for意为“对……有天赋”;compass是可数名词，所以前面需加不定冠词a。
7.—How do you find the guy who took ________ office last week?
—He's always finding ________fault with others.
答案：/; / 解析：考查冠词。句意：——你觉得上周就职的那个人怎么样?——他总是找别人的茬。take office“就职”，find fault with sb.“找某人的茬”，两者均为固定短语，故两个空均不填冠词。
8.—What do you think we should do when ________ earthquake happens?
—In my opinion, go to ________ open space away from buildings or trees.
答案：an; an 解析：考查冠词。“________ earthquake表示“一场地震”，因此第一空用不定冠词an;space在此处表示“空地”，其前有形容词修饰，且表示泛指意义，所以第二空也用不定冠词an。
9.What I need is ________ book that contains ________ ABC of oil painting.
答案：a; the 解析：句意：我所需要的是一本含有油画基础知识的书。第一个空表泛指，应用不定冠词;第二个空后有of oil painting修饰，表特指，应用定冠词。
10.Being able to afford ________ drink would be ________ comfort in those tough times.
答案：a; a 解析：考查冠词。句意：在那些艰难的时期，能够买得起一杯酒会是一件欣慰的事。drink此处是可数名词，意为“(饮料，尤指酒的)一杯，一口”，a drink表示泛指，而不是特指，不能用the;a comfort此处是抽象名词具体化的用法，指具体的一件令人欣慰的事情。
11.We are said to be living in ________ Information Age, ________ time of new discoveries and great changes.
答案：the; a 解析：考查冠词。句意：据说我们生活在信息时代，一个新发现和伟大的改变发生的时代。第一个空是普通名词构成的专有名词，前面要加定冠词the;第二个空为抽象名词具体化，表示“一个……的时代”，应填不定冠词a。
12.In ________ most countries, a university degree can give you ________ flying start in life.
答案：/; a 解析：句意：在大多数国家中，大学学位能给你一个人生快速发展的美好开始。第一个空，泛指大多数国家。故不填冠词;第二个空后的start在此处为可数名词，应用a修饰。
13.Four and ________ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and ________ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.
答案：a; a 解析：four and a half hours四个半小时，固定搭配;第二个空a break表示休息一次。
14.He missed ________ gold in the high jump, but will get ________ second chance in the long jump.
答案：the; a 解析：考查冠词。句意：他在跳高比赛中没有赢得金牌，但是，在跳远比赛中他还有(获得金牌的)机会。gold在表示“金子、黄金”时，是物质名词，不可数，但是表示“金牌”时，为可数名词。第一个空表示的是大家都知道的跳高比赛中的那块金牌，所以用the;第二个空用a second表示“又一，再一”。
15.India attained ________independence in 1947, after________long struggle.
答案：/; a 解析：句意：印度经过长期斗争后，在1947年获得了独立。因为independence是抽象名词，在本句表泛指，故前面用零冠词;struggle为可数名词，在本句中表示泛指，故第二个空格
Ⅱ.阅读理解(科普研究类+人物故事类)
A
(2014·东北三校高三联考)
Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that inpiduals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.
In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters(仓鼠) to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.
The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their nighttime period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light.
After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.
Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in the blue light and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didn't show any sleep uneasiness at all but they did mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sign, while if they were in the dim red light, they did not. ”
Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive (感光的) cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleepwake cycle.
He says there's a lot of blue in the white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing the red light or darkness.
1. Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because ________.
A. they are similar to humans in dealing with colors
B. they are easy to observe and study
C. they are sensitive to colors like human beings
D. they are active at night and sleep during the day
2. What sign shows that the hamsters are depressed?
A. They drink less sugary water.
B. They don't sleep well.
C. Their eyesight becomes worse.
D. Their energy level becomes low.
3. ________ tends to cause hamsters to be depressed.
A. A dim light B. A red light
C. A blue light D. Darkness
4. What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?
A. Not being exposed to a dim red light when using computers.
B. Equipping their computer screen to put it more in a reddish light.
C. Living or working in low levels of light overnight.
D. Going to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.
答案：
【语篇解读】 这是一篇科普文。美国的研究人员通过动物实验发现，通宵在昏暗的光线下生活和工作的人可能会患上重度抑郁症。
1. D 解析：细节理解题。第二段说，选择仓鼠作为实验对象是因为它们白天睡觉，夜间活动，因此选D。
2. A 解析：细节理解题。第四段说，研究人员发现喝糖水最少的仓鼠最为抑郁，因此选A。
3. C 解析：细节理解题。第五段说，在蓝色和白色灯光下睡觉的仓鼠表现得最为抑郁，因此选C。
4. B 解析：推理判断题。最后一段说，生活在蓝色和白色灯光下的仓鼠比生活在红色灯光下或黑暗中的仓鼠更抑郁，因此在红色光线中工作能防止抑郁，故B项正确。
B
John Cruitt, 62, spent decades tracking down his thirdgrade teacher.
He wanted to talk with Cecile Doyle about 1958—the year his mother, who was seriously ill, passed away.
Her death came just days before Christmas. Cruitt had been expecting to go home from school and decorate the Christmas tree.
“When I found out she died, I could certainly relate to that, because when I was 11, my own father died，” Doyle tells Cruitt at StoryCorps in Monroe, N.Y.“And you just don't know how you're going to go on without that person.”
When Cruitt returned to school, Doyle waited until all of the other children left the room at the end of the day, and told him that she was there if he needed her.
“Then you kissed me on the head，” Cruitt says. “And I felt that things really would be OK.”
“Well, Cruitt, I'm so glad that I could be there with you for that time，” says Doyle, 82.
Decades after his mother's death, Cruitt began to think more and more of Doyle. He finally wrote a letter：
Dear Mrs. Doyle，
If you are not the Cecile Doyle who taught English at Emerson School in Kearny, N.J., then I'm embarrassed, and you can disregard the letter.
My name is John Cruitt, and I was in your thirdgrade class during the 1958—1959 school year. Two days before Christmas, my mother passed away, and you told me that you were there if I needed you. I hope life has been as kind to you as you were to me.
God bless you.
John Cruitt
Doyle says his letter, which arrived in February, could not have come at a better time. Her husband, who passed away this August, was struggling with Parkinson's disease.
“And I had just come home from the hospital, and I read this beautiful letter, and I just was overwhelmed，” she says.
“Well the funny thing is, when I finally wrote to you again after 54 years, I typed the letter—I was afraid my penmanship wasn't going to meet your standards，” Cruitt says as Doyle laughs.
“John, what can I say—I' m just glad that we made a difference in each other's life.”
5. After Cruitt's mother's death, ________.
A. Cruitt totally relied on his father
B. Doyle' s words brought him comfort
C. Cruitt didn't go to school regularly
D. Doyle asked his classmates to help him
6. Before Cruitt wrote the letter, he ________.
A. knew Doyle's husband had passed away
B. believed Doyle was leading a happy life
C. considered it embarrassing to write to Doyle
D. was unsure whether Doyle could receive the letter
7. Doyle believed the letter ________.
A. was a belated gift
B. came at just the right time
C. lifted her confidence greatly
D. served as a reminder of her husband
8. Why did Cruitt type the letter?
A. Doyle had taught him typing.
B. He was better at typing than writing.
C. Doyle would be able to read it without difficulty.
D. He was afraid Doyle would be dissatisfied with his writing.
答案：
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文，文章叙述一位老人寻找三年级时曾给予自己莫大安慰的老师的故事。
5. B 解析：细节理解题。由文章第五、六段内容可知，Doyle的话给了Cruitt很大安慰。
6. D 解析：细节理解题。由Cruitt所写的信的第一段If you are not the Cecile Doyle who taught English at Emerson School in Kearny, N.J., then I'm embarrassed, and you can disregard the letter可知，他不确定Cecile Doyle是否能收到这封信。
7. B 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第四段中的Doyle says his letter, which arrived in February, could not have come at a better time可知，Doyle认为这封信来得正是时候。
8. D 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的I was afraid my penmanship wasn't going to meet your standards可知，Cruitt担心自己的书写会让Cecile Doyle不满意。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2014-2015普通高中高三教学质量监测)
Have you fallen into a pattern of sleeping poorly? __1__ Getting a good night sleep is very important to your physical and emotional health. Here are some simple actions and choices you can make right now to help you sleep better at night.
1.Avoid coffee, smoke, and alcohol. If you want coffee in the afternoon or evening, drink less. An alcoholic drink, especially more than one, will not help you sleep better. A drink may, or may not, help you fall asleep, but alcohol causes you to sleep poorly and be unable to sleep all night. __2__
2.Don't overeat, but don't go to bed hungry. If you aren't tired of milk, try a small glass of warm milk or a piece of mild cheese in the evening. A small piece of chicken or other protein(蛋白质) may also work well before bed. __3__
3.__4__ It can help you avoid lacking water and is generally good for your health. However, avoid water and other fluids for the last two hours before bedtime to reduce your need to go to the bathroom during the night.
4.Make your bedroom as quiet as you can. __5__ Consider using earplugs(耳塞) if your bedroom is noisy. Some people find that the white noise from a fan, as well as the air flow, helps them sleep better. Others find soft music or natural sounds like waves or bird songs to be relaxing and induce(导致) sleep. If you use music to help you fall asleep, you may find that you get better rest later in the night if you set the music to turn off after an hour.
A.Drink enough water early in the day.
B.If you have a clock that ticks loudly, replace it.
C.If you drink too much water, you will feel bad.
D.Don't have your stomach empty before going to bed.
E.Are you concerned that you may not sleep well tonight?
F.Are you always worried about what you eat in the evening?
G.Cigarettes are always an unhealthy habit, especially in the evening.
1.______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
答案：1.E 2.G 3.D 4.A 5.B
Ⅳ.短文改错
I was a newly qualified foothealth practitioner. One day I was in the phone to a female patient recently, go over the details of an appointment. I careful wrote down her address, phone number and the set time in case of I forgot. We were just finished the conversation when she said, “I hope you don't mind, so I have a rather strange question.” “Of course，” I reply. “Go right ahead.”“Well，” said a lady nervously, “I was wondering if they offered discounts because I only have one leg.” Feeling that the lady extremely serious, I said yes without hesitation.
答案：
Ⅴ.书面表达
(2014-2015学年普通高中高三教学质量监测)
假定你是李华，即将升入高三学习，某英文报就新高三学习的计划进行调查，请你结合以下调查问卷，给报社写封信，谈谈你的想法(参考图中提示)：
注意：
1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数);
2.可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear editor，
I am Li Hua, a Senior Two student._ __________________ ___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Hoping to receive your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：
One possible version：
Dear_editor，
I_am_Li_Hua,_a_Senior_Two_student. Over the past two years, I have studied hard, but I haven't learnt English well, especially in reading. Besides, I seldom asked my teacher and classmates questions. The summer holiday is coming. I've made up my mind to make an improvement.
To begin with, I will finish my homework, read a lot of reading materials in English and ask my teachers and classmates questions by emails or QQ. In addition, I will do some volunteer work and help those who are in need of help, learning more social experience.
Next term, I will study harder than before. Not only will I learn basic knowledge but also I will improve my reading ability. I am determined to get a high mark in the College Entrance Examination and be admitted to a key university.
Hoping_to_receive_your_early_reply.
Yours，
Li_Hua
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