2012年1月语言与文化自考试题

全国2012年1月自考
语言与文化试题
课程代码：00838

I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)
1. The fact that the same object is called a “table” in English and a “桌子” in Chinese shows that language is ______. (      )
A. systematic  B. arbitrary
C. symbolic  D. vocal
2. All languages have kinship terms and distinguish characteristics in relatives. For example, “grandmother” versus “mother” distinguish generation, and “母亲” versus “婆婆”distinguish blood relationship. Then what characteristic does “mother” versus “father” distinguish? (      )
A. generation  B. blood relationship
C. sex  D. marriage
3. The first week day after Christmas is called ______ when presents are traditionally given to dustmen, postmen and a few other public servants. (      )
A. Christmastide  B. Boxing Day
C. Thanksgiving Day  D. Easter
4. When you say someone is a busybody, you mean that he is a ______ person. (      )
A. tiresome  B. handsome
C. meddlesome  D. troublesome
5. How many sentences below have hypotactic relations? (      )
Bread and butter is my usual breakfast.
He bought bread, butter, milk, etc.
I’ll join you if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
I think it will rain tomorrow.
A. 1  B. 2
C. 3  D. 4
6. Although English and Chinese are both SVO languages, the two sentences below show that there are differences in ______. (      )
—Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world.
—上海是世界上最大的城市之一。
A. grammar  B. branching pattern
C. object  D. word order
7. There are weapon names both in English and Chinese. An American father names his son as Brenda. Similarly, a Chinese father may name his son as ______.(      )
A. 杨剑  B. 杨坚
C. 杨涛  D. 杨军
8. In China, when a visit is over and the guest is seen to the door, the host most probably may say “请走好”. The English equivalent of such utterance is “ ______”. (      )
A. Have a smooth trip  B. Walk well, please
C. Good-bye  D. It’s nice to have met you
9. “To make a cat laugh” means ______. (      )
A. to be tragic  B. to be comic
C. to be proud  D. to be serious
10. The phrasal verb “look into” corresponds in meaning to the single word ______. (      )
A. investigate  B. expect 
C. despise  D. watch
11. “To be very careful and correct in one’s behaviour” is synonymous to ______. (      )
A. “to keep one’s nose clean”  B. “Mr. Right”
C. “to keep one’s own company”  D. “to mind one’s p’s and q’s”
12. In the sentence “He’s merely parroting what many others have said”, the word “parroting” refers to ______.(      )
A. estimating  B. imagining 
C. imitating  D. acknowledging
13. Which of the statements is NOT true? (      )
A. Honorifics are language forms used in speeches to show respect to a superior.
B. There are more honorifics in Oriental languages than in European languages.
C. Japanese is particularly rich in honorifics.
D. English is particularly rich in honorifics.
14. In English culture familiarity is highly valued. Suppose you are an American university professor, if you want to enjoy a harmonious relationship with your colleagues, you’d better allow yourself to be called ______.(      )
A. John Smith  B. Professor Smith
C. Mr. Smith  D. John
15. What is the logical relation of the sentences below? (      )
I was not informed. Otherwise I should have taken some action.
A. additive  B. adversative
C. causal  D. temporal
16. When hearers, topics and environments change, the speakers’ speaking styles vary. There are 5 different styles: frozen, formal, consultative, casual and intimate. Which of the following statements is intimate style? (      )
A. Visitors should go up the stairs at once.
B. Would you mind going upstairs right away, please?
C. Time you all went upstairs, now.
D. Up you go, chaps!
17. To avoid ambiguity,______ are seldom used in English documents ______. (      )
A. loan words  B. personal pronouns
C. long sentences  D. learned words
18. Mars is the Roman god of ______. (      )
A. beauty  B. the sea 
C. the sky  D. war
19. The distance zone ranging from 4 to about 8 feet is referred to as the ______ zone. (      )
A. public  B. intimate
C. socio-consultative  D. casual-personal
20. The uncontrollable shaking of our knees and trembling of our hands when we are experiencing fear are examples of ______.(      )
A. adapters  B. illustrators
C. affect displays  D. regulators

II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)
21. In its narrow sense, culture is called ______. (      )
A. anthropological culture  B. academic culture
C. small c culture  D. large C culture
22. The social circumstance of language use includes at least ______. (      )
A. language users  B. settings
C. weather conditions  D. topics
23. Morphemes can be classified into ______ morphemes. (      )
A. reflective  B. inflectional 
C. derivational  D. derogative
24. If you want to gain the attention of a stranger, you may say “______”. (      )
A. I’m sorry  B. Excuse me 
C. Hello  D. I beg your pardon
25. Which of the following expressions are examples of allusions from history? (      )
A. Woodwooz.  B. A Trojan horse.
C. Waterloo.  D. A Tridom rat.
26. In the sentence “She’d taken a blue fit if she’d known her son was out in a boat alone.”, the meaning of “a blue fit” is ______.(      )
A. extreme annoyance  B. irritation
C. alarm  D. disappointment
27. To sound modest and humble was vital to the ancient Chinese people, one might call his son as ______. (      )
A.犬子  B.令郎
C.令爱  D.小儿
28. If the sentences in a text exhibit cohesion, they are connected by ______ means. (      )
A. grammatical  B. systematic 
C. lexical  D. meaningful
29. The differences between American English and British English are mainly ______ in nature.(      )
A. grammatical &nb