2010年7月自考外刊经贸知识选读试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)
　　在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个可以替代句中划线的单词或词组，请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。
　　1. The original ban on private trading had long since been given up. ( )
　　A. waved
　　B. waited
　　C. waived
　　D. wanted
　　2. Goods are produced according to sample provided by the customer. ( )
　　A. Procedures
　　B. Products
　　C. Potentials
　　D. Proposals
　　3. China is reaping the rewards of reforms first launched by Deng Xiaoping in 1979. ( )
　　A. obtaining
　　B. bouncing
　　C. radiating
　　D. raising
　　4. Many countries in the region were adversely affected by declines in workers’ remittances and tourism revenues. ( )
　　A. stagnated
　　B. slackened
　　C. compounded
　　D. impacted
　　5. The museum stored all frangible articles in a locked showcase. ( )
　　A. breakable
　　B. payable
　　C. considerable D. amenable
　　6. The US asks the World Trade Organization to limit trade sanctions to $1bn instead of the $4bn sanctions the EU wants to impose. ( )
　　A. penalties
　　B. confrontations
　　C. frictions
　　D. consequences
　　7. The world’s second largest economy, Japan, has been languishing for nearly a decade, after the boom of the early 1980s collapsed. ( )
　　A. active
　　B. robust
　　C. inactive
　　D. encouraging
　　8. Exports of Japanese machinery withstood the downturn quite well because the Asian economies that buy them continued to boom. ( )
　　A. disputed
　　B. provoked
　　C. reckoned
　　D. resisted
　　9. Email scripts intrude on a computer without one’s knowledge. ( )
　　A. trespass
　　B. eliminate
　　C. detract
　　D. proceed
　　10. Dubai is making progress in its efforts to promote international awareness of its attractions.
　　( )
　　A. accommodation
　　B. consciousness
　　C. coincidence
　　D. legitimacy
　　11. Security Council members confirm support for African efforts to settle conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea. ( )
　　A. spread
　　B. spoil
　　C. stop
　　D. spill
　　12. Smoking is strictly prohibited in the process of handling explosive materials. ( )
　　A. flourished
　　B. endured
　　C. subsidized
　　D. forbidden
　　13. Big companies understand the importance of brands. ( )
　　A. executives
　　B. experiments
　　C. franchises
　　D. trademarks
　　14. That market alone accounted for half of the volume and 40 per cent of the value of the total U.S. exports of shell eggs for food use. ( )
　　A. added to
　　B. shared with
　　C. amounted to
　　D. connected with
　　15. International not-for-profit trade association with 50 corporate members resided in 20 countries who produce 95 percent of the world supply of synthetic rubber. ( )
　　A. productive
　　B. artificial
　　C. tropical
　　D. artistic
　　二、将下列词组译成中文（本大题共10小题，每小题1 分，共10分）
　　16. market share
　　17. raw material
　　18. capital market
　　19. foreign-exchange reserves
　　20. bilateral pacts
　　21. intellectual property
　　22. free trade
　　23. (OPEC)
　　24. hard currency
　　25. consumer goods
　　三、将下列词组译成英文（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
　　26. 战略性储备
　　27. 服务贸易
　　28. 供应过剩
　　29. 清算协议
　　30. 利息付款
　　31. 特别提款权
　　32. 证券投资
　　33. 生产力
　　34. 合资企业
　　35. 技术转让
　　四、简答题（本大题共6小题，共18分）
　　Passage 1
　　In 1991, for the second year in a row, the economies of low-income and middle-income countries virtually stagnated, as measured by an increase in per capita gross domestic product (GDP). Aggregate output for developing countries advanced by slightly less than 2 per cent during 1991 (similar to the weak performance of 1990), implying an easing in per capita income of 0.1 per cent.
　　Aggregate statistics for 1991 were influenced by the sharp decline in output in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as by the adverse effects of the Gulf crisis on several economies in the Middle East. Excluding Central and Eastern Europe, growth in developing countries in 1991 was 3.4 per cent, compared with 3.8 per cent during the 1980s. Estimates of GDP growth by major geographic region show an acceleration in Latin America and in sub-Saharan Africa; an increase in China’s growth rate helped to sustain high rates of growth in the East Asia region.
　　36. What do “in a row”, “stagnate” and “aggregate” mean in the first paragraph?
　　37. What kind of influence did the Gulf crisis have on the Middle East economy?
　　38. What does the report mean to emphasize using the word “geographic”?
　　Passage 2
　　Some of the Clinton administration’s tough talk appears tactical, intended to pressure trading partners into offering concession and to unblock stalled negotiations on several fronts. But it appears that officials are prepared to turn up the temperature on trade—and live with the consequences.
　　In some ways, Mr. Clinton and his advisers are following the same well-trod path as the Bush administration, which threatened sanctions against the Community last year and walked away from GATT negotiations rather than sign an agreement that would provide only small gains for U.S. companies. The same political pressures from trade hawks in Congress that the Bush officials felt are now bearing down on the Clinton team.
　　39. “Some of the Clinton administration’s tough talk” is described as being “tactical” in the text. What is the implication of tactical in the given context?
　　40. What did the Clinton administration have in common with the Bush administration in their attitude toward the EU?
　　41. Why did America refuse to sign a GATT agreement as mentioned in the second passage?
　　五、正误判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
　　Passage 1
　　John T. Chambers, Chief Executive of Cisco Systems, talks about the merger of Cisco with a larger company:
　　A merger of equals had a lot of appeal. If you combine the Number 1 and Number 2 players in an industry, by definition you’re Number 1 in terms of size. By combining two companies with good management teams, you automatically build up the strength of your management. You can also widen your customer base and have more distribution channels.
　　In addition, the merger automatically makes your remaining competition second level. As a result, your competition must rethink its strategy. In the end, you force a period of mergers and acquisitions on your competition.
　　When we looked more closely, our concerns were raised. For example, 50 percent of large-scale mergers fail. Mergers can fail on a number of levels. They can fail in terms of their benefit to the shareholders, customers, employees and business partners. A decision has to be right with each of those groups, or we would not go forward with it.
　　If you merge two companies that are growing at 80 percent rates, you stand a very good chance of stopping both of them. That’s a fact. For a period of time, no matter how smoothly they operate, you lose momentum.
　　Our industry is not like the banking industry, where you are acquiring branch banks and customers. In our industry, you are acquiring people. And if you don’t keep those people, you have made a terrible, terrible investment. We pay between $500,000 and $2 million per person in an acqusition. So you can understand that if you don’t keep the people, you’ve done a tremendous disservice to your shareholders. So we focus first on the people and how we incorporate them into our company, and then we focus on how to drive the business.
　　42. The passage talks about the benefits and problem