自学考试“高级英语”复习指导（二）

　　二、 高级英语试题类型

　　试题分为两个大部分：A　考核课程内容

　　B　水平考试，重点为阅读理解能力。

　　（ 注：下列题型作为参考，每次试卷中只选用其中几种。考核课程内容的五类；水平考试的四类。）

　　A. 高级英语考核教材内容

　　1. 完形练习

　　考核学生对课文内容的掌握，从课文句子或段落中抽去一个词或词组，学生需从试卷提供的词或词组中选择与课文一样的填入空中。例如：

　　（2003年考题）

　　The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks， followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. （12 points， 0.5 point each）

　　● Rumors 1 quickly that I was a FBI agent. I was 2 because I was not 3___ to return. Some people said I was either a federal agent or a 4 ， for no 5 man， they said， returns to Watts by 6 .

　　● Television 7 on advertising to an even greater 8 than newspapers， and since advertising is big business， advertising is by 9 Republican. Yet nowhere in network newscasts or network commentaries on current events have I 10 the intense partisanship， the often rabid 11 that colors the editorial 12 of the majority of newspapers in this country.

　　● The chances had 13 to one in eight when the 14 clerk drew the second slip. He 15 his throat and 16 his pince-nez as though he had to make sure he was not 17 . “Ah， Monsieur Voisin，” he said with a 18 undecided smile， “May I join you？”

　　● Some people believe that the time of death is 19 by God and that no man should ___20 the clock back on another. 21 if a patient‘s philosophical views embrace __ 22 ， it is not clear why the religious 23 of others should intrude 24___ his death.

　　A. reasonable B. put C. bias D. choice

　　E. nature F. yet G. mistaken H. lives

　　I. thin J. encountered K. euthanasia L. fool

　　M. spread N. objections O. pages P. extent

　　Q. elderly R. suspect S. cleared T. narrowed

　　U. put on V. on W. supposed X. appointed

　　该题正如考核要求规定，是要检查学员对课文的熟悉程度。假如考生对所学教材了然于心的话，该题做起来当然如探囊取物。这也就是我们为什么在学习高级英语方法时，特别强调要牢记教材课文的原因之一。

　　由于完型填空题不但测试考生使用词汇和语法结构的能力，同时又测试考生对短文篇章的理解，它是对考生综合运用语言能力的测试，所以考生在考试时确实遇到了困难（最好不要在这样的考题上出麻烦），我们也有一些办法可以采取。完型填空题的一般解题技巧是：

　　解题技巧：

　　1. 通读该段文章。首先了解材料内容，做到心中有底。

　　2. 找相关信息。通读之后，从第一个空格开始依次完成。

　　3. 根据语感，快速试填充一遍。

　　4. 然后逐题推敲。

　　5. 根据上下文确定词义。使所选词的词义符合上下文逻辑意思的需要；尤其关注实词。

　　6. 根据句子结构确定词形。使所选词的形式符合所在句语法结构上的要求；重点关注虚词。

　　7. 着眼整体、注意关键词。如：but， however， even so… 说明后面的意思与前面的相反或对照，所选的词可能与前面某个词互为反义词。

　　8. 抓住关键句型，作直观判断。比如常考的句型有：定语从句中缺少引导词；比较从句中漏了than；其它从句中的表示语法结构关系词例如so…that；hardly…when 等是否遗漏。

　　9. 注意常用词语搭配，关注词语间的互为提示。

　　10. 然后通篇审核。

　　具体到自学考试高级英语考题，我们可以借鉴上面的技巧，重点做到如下：

　　1、 把所给的词或短语按照词性分类：动词、名词、介词、副词、形容词等；

　　2、 对所给段落中的句子进行分析，确定所空缺的地方需要什么词性的词；

　　3、 然后再根据上下文意义、结构，确定答案。

　　我们以第三小段[选自《高级英语》上册第十课第142页]为例：

　　● The chances had 13 to one in eight when the 14 clerk drew the second slip. He 15 his throat and 16 his pince-nez as though he had to make sure he was not 17 . “Ah， Monsieur Voisin，” he said with a 18 undecided smile， “May I join you？”

　　通过分析得知：13、15、16处应该填动词；14，17，18处则须用形容词。这样一来，每一个填空处需要排除的选项就少多了。然后根据一些固定搭配可以进一步区分选项。如： 13处是一个固定搭配 ‘clear one’s throat‘； 在14处，假如考生认识这个词 ’pince-nez‘ [ ’p：nsnei ]是 ‘夹鼻眼镜’，就能很快想到动词短语 ‘put on’ （戴上）。17处前面有一个短语 ‘make sure’（确信），人们通常是确信事情一切正常，没有错误， 所以该处选择 ‘mistaken’ 也就合情合理。

　　当然这一切分析是要建立在很好的英语基础之上，更何况这样的词 ‘pince-nez’对于不熟悉课文的人来说是很难认识，所以纯粹依赖技巧、分析并非很可靠，况且很费时。另外，一个很好的基础从何而来？还得要心里装的东西多，而熟记一些文章是很好充实自己的办法。

　　其它几个段落分别选自：第一小段[选自《高级英语》下册第九课第143页]

　　第二小段[选自《高级英语》下册第三课第39页]

　　第四小段[选自《高级英语》上册第四课第49页]

　　答案：

　　Key

　　1. M 2. R 3. W 4. L

　　5. A 6. D 7. H 8. P

　　9. E 10. J 11. C 12. O

　　13. T 14. Q 15. S 16. U

　　17. G 18. I 19. X 20. B

　　21. F 22. K 23. N 24. V

　　2. 用英语回答有关课程内容的问题

　　考核学生对课程内容的和理解程度，以及一定的用英语笔头表述的能力。提出的是有关课文大意、背景、故事内容、人物等和理解课文有关问题。

　　1. How does the author， J.B. Priestley， think of the matter of sleep？ When he is sleepless， what will he do？ [选自《高级英语》上册第十一课]

　　Answer： The author thinks that sleep is just like a coy mistress who is much given to a teasing inconsistency and forever demanding to be wooed. In other words， to him， sleep always plays with him， and torments him but seldom lets him have it.

　　He often lies in bed， passing hours in sleeplessness. The more he wants to fall asleep， the more sleepless he becomes. However， as soon as he intends to write an essay， he feels an overpowering desire for sleep.

　　The author believes that artificial ways of inducing sleep are countless， but none of them works for him. Therefore， when he can‘t fall asleep at night， he has a dialogue with an imaginary friend until he either laughs or falls asleep.

　　2. How did American young people look at the adult world in general according to the text “Four Choices for Young People”？ What did they do about it？

　　Answer： American young people viewed the adult world with great skepticism and even worse， with increasing rejection， according to the lesson “Four Choices for Young People.

　　They saw this affluent society of America filled with poverty， injustice and hypocrisy. They became rebellious. They rejected the beliefs and values of society. While some young people fought against poverty， racial injustice at that time， others showed their discontent through passive ways. They were addicted to drugs and refused to take any social responsibilities.

　　解析：作该题型的题目时，要记住首先要有一个基本的观点“ARGUMENT”（当然，这个观点是从所学课文中，合理地、符合逻辑地得出来的，并非自己臆断或杜撰出来的。 所以这一切也是建立在对课文熟练掌握基础上的。），然后，提供一些左证“SUPPORTING IDEAS”。

　　课文中的内容要能做到会归纳，会用自己的话来转述；

　　另外，要写完整的句子。少用“yes or no” 这样的方式来回答问题；最后，通读自己的答案，检查文法，尽可能消除拼读、语法错误。

　　3. 填空

　　考核学生对语法和词汇的运用能力。每句一个空格，要求学生从所提供的单词或词组中选择正确的答案填入空中。单词或词组选自课文中要求算重点练习的词语。

　　Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below， changing its form when necessary：

　　motivate in the long run regardless of be held to blamesquander to a great extent with honors take advantage ofsurvive be credited with fall victim to have trouble doing sth.

　　1. The chai