自考“英语翻译”完整技巧篇（12）

　　II. 表示逻辑关系上的减词：1.省去句子的主要结构只保留关联词：a. The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so ， the consumer should do this， stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible.（商店的老板会建议顾客给制造商写信。要真是这样的话，顾客应该尽量把投诉书写的礼貌些、措辞更坚定一些。）

　　b. And how can it be otherwise， when the range of knowledge is so vast that the expert himself is an ignoramus as soon as he strays away from his own specialty. （可是不这样，有能有什么别的更好的办法呢？知识的范围如此广袤，一旦越出其专业范围，连专家也会变得一无所知。）

　　c. It must be admitted that every nation has its strong points. If not， how can it survive ？

　　（每个民族都有它的优点，不然，怎么可以生存下来？）

　　2.省去主语：d. When completed ， this bridge will be the largest in Asia. （这座桥一旦竣工将是亚洲最大的。）

　　e. In some organization ， important papers ， letters， speeches ， documents， etc，are kept on file so that they can be easily obtained when needed. （在许多组织里，重要的文件、信函、演讲材料、档案都保存在文件夹里，以便需要时很容易查到。）

　　自考英语翻译技巧六

　　翻译时句子成分的转换：

　　英译汉时，有时为了通顺，往往需要将原文的某一句子成分转译成另一部分进行句子成分的转换：

　　非主语转译成主语：

　　定语译为主语a. If there should be any last-minute change in the sialing time， we‘ll contact you by telephone.开船时间假如临时有更改，我们会用电话通知你。

　　（状语译为主语）

　　b. In many countries， free-port areas or foreign-trade zones have been established， where   foreign   merchants need not pay tariffs fort their unloaded goods if the goods remain within these areas or zones.许多国家都建立了自由港和保税区，在那里，外国商人只要是在本区内，未卸船的货物可以不纳税。

　　c. The average temperature in summeris as hight as 35C.   One can not be pleasant living in that place.夏天的平均温度高达摄氏35C，生活在那里不可能舒服。

　　d. A good many new books were published by the Foreign Language Press last year.外文出版社去年出版了许多新书。

　　谓语译为主语e. When a material is stressed byong the elastic limit a permaent deformation results.当一种材料的应力超过弹性极限时，就会产生永久变形。

　　表语译为主语f. Television is different from radio in that its sends and receives pictures.电视和无线电的不同点在于电视能收发图象。

　　宾语转译成主语g.  The wise buyer finds ways to make sure that wrong thinking is not allowed to interfere with careful planning in this purchases.（明智的购买者尽量做到购买时不让错误的想法干扰。）

　　His father flew into rage with what he had done.（他的所作所为让他的父亲大为光火。）

　　被动 语态一般是，主谓语的位子翻译成汉语时需要颠倒，即原来的主语作宾语：

　　h.Drastic action must be taken if they want to reduce traffic accidents and air pollution.（如果他们想减少交通事故和污染，就必须迅速采取措施。）

　　i. I was totally upset by what he did in the exam.（他考试时的表现确实让我很担心。）

　　j  Asia was passed over by the industrial revolution.（工业革命没有光顾亚洲。）

　　译成带“是”的结构：

　　k.  We were moved to tears by the fact that he came to   the meeting in spite of his illness.（最让我感激涕零的是，他带病坚持来开会。）

　　译成： “由”“把”，“使”等字引导的句子：

　　l.  His mother was dismissed due to the fact that she  couldn‘t type fast enough.（ 老板把他的妈妈给解雇了，因为他打字不够快。）

　　m. She was worried ，because her son had written for a long time.（ 她儿子很长时间没给她写信了，这可把她给担心坏了。）

　　n. Wind is caused by air moving between cold and warm region.（风是由冷暖地区流动着的空气引起的。）

　　非谓语转译成谓语：

　　The new rule is applicable to foreigners.这一项新规定适用与外国人。（表语译为谓语）

　　There is a need for improvement in your study habits你的学习习惯需要改进（主语译为谓语）