全国2005年7月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题

Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions.(40 points, 1 point for each)
Directions: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and  D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question; and then write your answers on the Answer Sheet.
1．The longest river in Britain is（　　　）,which is 338 kilometers long.
A．the Thames River   B．the Severn River
C．the Clyde  D．the Tweed
2．（　　　）,the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55 BC.
A．Julius Caesar   B．The Emperor Claudius
C．Boadicea   D．Agricola
3．King Alfred made a treaty with Danes allowing them to keep the northern and eastern parts of England, which later became known as （　　　）.
A．Wessex   B．Normandy
C．“the Danelaw”  D．Sussex
4．William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as （　　　）.
A．William Rufus  B．William the Confessor
C．William the Conqueror  D．William the Great
5．The spirit of （　　　）was the limitation of the powers of the king.
A．the Provision of Oxford  B．the Book of Doom
C．Domesday Book  D．Magna Carta
6．Although the Wars of he Roses were fought intermittently for （　　　）years, ordinary people were little affected and went about their business as usual.
A．20  B．30
C．40  D．50
7．In Ireland and the Scottish Highlands （　　　）led to mass emigration, particularly to the New World.
A．the Black Death   B．the Civil Wars
C．the Great Famine   D．land enclosure
8．In the United Kingdom, free medical care for everyone and financial help for the old, the sick and the unemployed, which have become available since 1948, are the foundation of （　　　）
A．the welfare state B．the National Health Service
C．the civil service D．the National Insurance Fund
9．Margaret Thatcher believed in the following EXCEPT （　　　）.
A．self-reliance B．privatization
C．the strengthening of trade unions D．the use of monetarist policies to control inflation
10．The monarchy is the oldest institution of government, going back to at least （　　　）century.
A．the 8th B．the 9th
C．the 10th D．the 11th
11．All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the （　　　）of the accused until he has been proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.
A．innocence B．honesty
C．guilt D．impartiality
12．Easter is traditionally associated with the following EXCEPT（　　　）.
A．the Resurrection of Christ B．the eating of Easter eggs
C．the custom of giving presents D．the coming of spring
13．（　　　）is the most popular sport in England and in Europe.
A．Rugby B．Tennis
C．Snooker D．Football
14．Edinburgh International Festival of Music and Drama takes place for a period of 3 to 4 weeks between （　　　）when Edinburgh becomes a center of cultural activity.
A．July and August B．August and September
C．September and October D．October and November
15．Up to the end of WWI, there were （　　　）waves of large-scale immgration to the United States.
A．two B．three
C．four D．five
16．The idea of containment was first brought up by（　　　）.
A．Harry Truman B．Franklin D. Roosevelt
C．Marshall D．George Kennan

17．In the last great population movement in America, a large number of people moved to（　　　）.
A．the Northwest B．the sunbelt areas
C．the South D．the West
18．Who were the first settlers of the New England Region¡
A．Hispanic groups. B．English Puritans.
C．German farmers. D．Asian Americans
19．The Bill of Rights is the term used for （　　　）to the Constitution of the United States.
A．the first ten amendments B．the last ten amendments
C．the tenth amendment D．the most important amendment
20．The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by（　　　）during the Civil War.
A．George Washington B．Abraham Lincoln
C．Thomas Jefferson D．Franklin Roosevelt
21．The Supreme Court played a role in approving the lawfulness of anti-Communist activities by（　　　）.
A．upholding the constitutionality of the Smith Act
B．convicting 11 highranking Communist leaders
C．supporting the trial of Alger Hiss
D．supporting President Truman’s executive order
22．The writers of the Constitution worked out the checks and balances in order to  （　　　）.
A．prevent the government from misusing its power
B．prevent the government from being too strong
C．prevent the government form being separated
D．prevent the government form losing its power
23．In America, the first period of the party system refers to the appearance of （　　　）.
A．the Federalists 
B．the Anti-Federalists
C．the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists
D．the Democratic- Republicans and the Anti-Federalists
24．Nathaniel Hawthorne was one of those who （　　　）transcendentalism.
A．supported B．was indifferent to
C．attacked D．had nothing to do with

25．The first uniquely American contribution to architecture was the Skyscraper perfected by the（　　　）architect, Louis Sullivan.
A．New York City B．Chicago
C．Washington D．Detroit
26．Today there are altogether（　　　）departments of the U.S. government.
A．11 B．13
C．15 D．17
27．Which of the following is NOT associated with Halloween¡（　　　）
A．“Trick or treat” B．“eating eggs”
C．bonfire D．pumpkin-lanterns
28．The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated by the Puritans in Plymouth, Massachusetts on（　　　）,1621.
A．January 13 B．April 13
C．October 13 D．December 13
29．About two thirds of Canada’s petroleum and about four fifths of its natural gas come from（　　　）.
A．Alberta B．Montreal
C．Quebec D．Vancouver
30．Under （　　　）,the Upper Canada and Lower Canada were united again and given internal self-government in 1848.
A．the Act of Union
B．the British North America Act
C．the Quebec Act
D．the Statute of  Westminister
31．Indigenous people make up about 1.5% of the Canadian population .They are （　　　）.
A．Indians and Africans B．Aborigines and Indians
C．the Eskimo and Aborigines D．American Indians and the Eskimo
32．Since 1971 the Canadian government has adopted a policy of （　　　）,recognizing that cultural pluralism within a bilingual framework is the essence of the Canadian identity.
A．assimilation B．integration
C．multiculturalism D．gender equality
33．The main feature of Australia’s trade is that（　　　）.
A．it is mainly with developing countries and Great Britain
B．there is the decline of manufacturing industries and the high tariffs
C．there is over-reliance on commodity exports
D．it has always involved the exchange of raw materials for finished products
34．The history of Australia began with（　　　）.
A．the arrival of Aborigines
B．the colonization of Australia by the British
C．the founding of the Commonwealth of  Australia
D．the First World War
35．Victoria is also known as （　　　）.
A．the garden state B．the premier state
C．the sunshine state D．the state of excitement
36．The Australian Constitution can only be changed by （　　　）.
A．the Parliament B．the Queen
C．the Executive D．referendum
37．Ireland is one of the most （　　　）countries of Europe.
A．Christian B．Catholic
C．Buddhist D．Protestant
38．The population of Ireland is predom